The colorful chromium chemicals for which Vauquelin named chromium soon found practical application in the textile industry. This mineral was more plentiful than crocoite and the greater availability of chromium facilitated innovation and discovery in a wide range of industries. In 1799, a German chemist living in Paris found chromium in a dark, dull stone that would become to be called chromite. Others later discovered that the ruby also takes its red color from chromium. He found reds, bright yellows and deep greens and discovered that traces of chromium in a Peruvian emerald were responsible for its color. He named the element from the Greek word for color, “chroma,” because each chromium compound he produced was a brilliant color. The chromium element was isolated in 1797 by the French chemist Louis Nicholas Vauquelin. Chromite, the primary commercial ore, was not discovered until 1798. But the ore is too rare to be useful commercially. Artists also treasured fragments of crocoite for their beautiful, reddish orange color. A brilliant orange, the mineral was prized by early stone collectors for its four-sided crystals. Crocoite, also known as lead chromate, was discovered by a geologist in 1765 at the Beresof mine near Ekaterinburg, Siberia. The second, a mineral called crocoite, is unusual in appearance but extremely rare. The more common, called chromite, is a dark, dull stone that was easily overlooked. High amounts of chromium are found naturally in two minerals. Unlike other metals, chromium had no ancient or prehistoric uses. Hidden in Plain Sight Crocoite is unusual in appearance but rarely found.īeginning with the use of chrome plating in the art deco designs of the 1930s through its heyday in the cars, furniture and appliances of the 1950s and 1960s, chromium has been closely associated with the fast-paced modern world.
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